Heat process Flash smelting Flash smelting (Finnish: Liekkisulatus) is a smelting process for sulfur-containing ores[1] including chalcopyrite. The process was developed by Outokumpu in Finland and first applied at the Harjavalta plant in 1949 for smelting copper ore.[2][3] [2]It has also been adapted for nickel and lead production.
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· The Outokumpu flash smelting process consists of a flash furnace, waste heat boiler and electrostatic precipitator. A flash smelter usually also includes the following auxiliary units: feed mixture preparation and drying, converters, slag treatment system, S02 fixation system, anode furnace and anode casting.
The role of slag cleaning becomes even more important for processes like direct-to-blister and Direct Outokumpu Nickel -processes that produce nickel or copper matte with low iron content since valuable metal content in smelting furnace slags is higher in those processes than it is in traditional flash smelting furnaces.
· Smelting Furnaces By Dr. Bharati Rehani Metallurgical and Materials Engg. Dept. M.S.University of Baroda
A copper flash smelting process in which part of a sulfidic copper feed is roasted in the presence of a calcareous SO 2 scavenger to produce a calcine containing calcium sulfate and an oxidic copper product, the calcine is mixed with additional feed and the mixture is flash smelted to provide a metallic product and a calcareous slag.
· Outokumpu Technology Oyj has signed a contract with the world''s largest nickel and PGM (Platinum Group Metals) producer MMC Norilsk Nickel for the modernization of a flash smelting production line at Nadezhda metallurgical plant in Norilsk, Russia. The value of …
Modern Developments in Lead Smelting Outokumpu Flash Smelting Direct Smelting in Converter Flash Smelting with Oxygen KIVCET Process WORCRA Process Q-S Process TBRC (Top-Blown Rotary Converter) Smelting Production of Lead in India Tundoo Plant Tundoo Blast Furnace Lead Refining Compounds of Lead 1. Lead monoxide or litharge PbO 2. Red lead ...
· "The Oxygen Flash Smelting Process of the International Nickel Company," CIM Transactions, 58 (1955) pp 158–66. 9. International Nickel Company of Canada, "Oxygen Flash Smelting Swings Into Commercial Operation," Journal of Metals, 7 …
· The major developments have been the adoption of Direct to Blister in the 1970s and the development and application of continuous flash converting in cooperation with the Kennecott smelter during the 1980s and 1990s, at the same time as the Direct Outotec Nickel process was adopted for nickel.
· THE ROLE OF OXYGEN IN THE OUTOKUMPU FLASH SMELTING PROCESS Y. Anjala*, J. Asteljoki** and P. Hanniala* * Outokumpu Oy, Engineering Division, P.O. Box 86, 02210 Espoo, Finland ** Outokumpu Oy, Metallurgical Research Center, P.O. Box 60, 28101 Pori, Finland ABSTRACT The use of oxygen in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace since 1971 has been one …
Main Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace—Part 1: copper flash smelting settler Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy 2001 / …
Plants operating Outokumpu flash furnaces 37 .39 practice electric furnace slag cleaning. The process is carried out in separate electric furnaces at BCL and Outokumpu, while Western Mining has combined slag cleaning and flash smelting in one unit. This has resulted in energy and productivity gains. Fuel Value of the Concentrate
There are two types of flash smelting - the Outokumpu process and the INCO process. Outokumpu process In the Outokumpu furnace (Fig. 6) dry particulate feed and pre heated oxygen enriched air are blown through the concentrate burners down into the furnace. This process can produce matte containing 45-65% copper under autogenous
Flash smelting. Flash smelting (Finnish: Liekkisulatus) is a smelting process for sulfur-containing ores including chalcopyrite. The process was developed by Outokumpu in Finland and first applied at the Harjavalta plant in 1949 for smelting copper ore. It has also been adapted for nickel …
On the Reaction Mechanisms of Sulfidic Nickel Particles in Suspension Smelting Conditions. Jyrkoenen, S ... (Shaft Furnace Process, Direct Blister Smelting in a Flash Furnace) Czernecki, J. / Smieszek, Z ... Gas Flow and Cooling in Waste-Heat Boilers in the Outokumpu Flash Smelting Process. Yang, Y. / Jokilaakso, A. / Jaervi, J ...
· Ni flash smelting is a high-productivity smelting process which efficiently uses the heat from sulfide mineral oxidation to heat and melt the furnace products and efficiently captures its by-product SO 2. However, it is an oxidizing process and therefore loses significant amounts of …
The Outokumpu flash smelting process was developed at Harjavalta in 1949. Today it is has become the most widely used copper making process worldwide (about 50 % of global primary copper production and 30% of nickel, in more than 40 smelters) and is the state-of-the-art ... In the flash smelting process, a sulfidic feed mixture is
In 1978 the first commercial Direct-to-Blister Flash Smelting process was commissioned in Glogow II smelter in Poland. The process for blister production from matte is called Kennecott-Outokumpu Flash …
list of smelters that have employed the Outokumpu Flash Smelting technique (3). Total number of smelters, which have been comrr.issioned, is 26 . Under design or construction: in 19 case, the oxygen enrichment is adopted and i n 2 smelters blister copper is produced directly in the flash smelting furnace. 2. Design of Caraíba''s Smelter
· Outokumpu also has important mining activities producing zinc, nickel Efll. and some copper concentrates. Along with the multimetal production, the company is a major supplier of production technology for most of the individual processes. ... As the developer of the flash smelting process, Outokumpu has also looked into advanced control and ...
A thermodynamic model has been developed to predict the distribution behavior of Ni, Cu, Co, Fe, S, As, Sb, and Bi in the Outokumpu flash-smelting process, the Outokumpu direct high-grade matte smelting process, and the INCO flash-smelting process. In this model, as many as 16 elements (Ni, Cu, Co, Fe, As, Sb, Bi, S, O, Al, Ca, Mg, Si, N, C, and H) are considered, and two nickel sulfide ...
AN INTRODUCTION TO OUTOTEC FLASH SMELTING With flexibility, low energy consumption, high sulfur capture, and excellent economy of scale, Outotec Flash Smelting technology is the world''s leading method for copper and nickel smelting. More than half of the world''s primary copper and nickel is produced using Outotec''s proprietary process.
Mitsubishi Process, Outokumpu Flash Smelting and Flash Converting Process, the Noranda Process, and the Ausmelt Process. Only the Mitsubishi Process is a "truly con-tinuous" smelting and converting operation producing a constant flow of blister without tapping, and is eco-nomically proven by long term commercial operations. Its low capital and
and copper-nickel concentrates based on flash smelting was first suggested in 1936, but actual commercial development did not proceed for more than a decade (Habashi 1998). By the early 1950''s both Inco (Copper Cliff, Canada) and Outokumpu (Harjavalta, Finland) were operating industrial scale flash smelters and flash smelting
US8206643B2 US12/676,856 US67685608A US8206643B2 US 8206643 B2 US8206643 B2 US 8206643B2 US 67685608 A US67685608 A US 67685608A US 8206643 B2 US8206643 B2 US 8206643B2 Authority US United States Prior art keywords reaction gas reaction concentrate concentrate burner feeder pipe Prior art date 2007-09-05 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is …
flash smelting. n. (Metallurgy) a smelting process for sulphur-containing ores in which the dried and powdered ore, mixed with oxygen, is ignited on discharge from a nozzle, melts, and drops to the bottom of a settling chamber. Sulphur is released mainly in its solid form, thus reducing atmospheric pollution.
Definition of FLASH SMELTING in the Definitions dictionary. ... It has also been adapted for nickel and lead production. A second flash smelting system was developed by the International Nickel Company and has a different concentrate feed design compared to the Outokumpu flash furnace. ... in the case of the Outokumpu process, some of the ...
· AbstractOxygen-activity measurements and sampling for chemical assay were carried out in a nickel flash smelting furnace and slag-cleaning electric furnace during industrial operation. In the primary Direct Outokumpu Nickel (DON) smelting furnace, which produces high-grade nickel matte, the oxygen activity and chemical compositions of the slag and matte were quite uniform throughout the ...
· Outokumpu Technology Oyj has signed a contract with the world''s largest nickel and PGM (Platinum Group Metals) producer MMC Norilsk Nickel for the modernization of a flash smelting production line at Nadezhda metallurgical plant in Norilsk, Russia. The value of …
· Flash Smelting Process. Process Flow Description: Concentrates and other copper bearing material are blended and conveyed from two separate areas of the plant to three 464 ton capacity wet charge bins located above the rotary dryer. Flash furnace silica flux is conveyed to a 250 ton capacity fine flux bin located adjacent to the wet charge bins.
The flash smelting process for sulphide concentrates was developed by the Finnish mining company, Outokumpu Oy, from 1948 onwards. By mid·1911. a number of mining com pauies had negotiated licences and installed plants for using this process. Several other installations for both copper and nickel concentrates are in the design and ...